booltБюллетень Государственного Никитского ботанического садаBulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens0513-1634Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labour Red Banner Order Nikitsky Botanical Gardens – National scientific Center of the RAS”10.25684/0513-1634-2024-150-90-100boolt-812Research ArticleЭКОЛОГИЯECOLOGYСорные папоротники Социалистической Республики ВьетнамWeed pteridophytes for the Socialist Republic of VietnamКалюжныйС. С.KalyuzhnyS. S.

Sergey Sergeevich Kalyuzhny

298648, Yalta, Nikita, Nikitsky spusk St., 52

fernbaikal@yandex.ruThe Nikitsky Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center of the RASThe Nikitsky Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center of the RAS202421052024015090100Copyright © Калюжный С.С., 20242024Калюжный С.С.Kalyuzhny S.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://boolt.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/812

Изучению  флоры  Социалистической  Республики  Вьетнам  (СРВ)  в  последние  десятилетия уделяется  достаточное  внимание.  Папоротникообразные  обычно  рассматривались  как  неотъемлемый споровый  компонент  флоры  сосудистых  растений.  Происходящее  преобразование  ландшафтов, содержащих  ненарушенные  леса  создает  новые  местообитания  для  чужеродных.  Правительство Вьетнама активно разрабатывает законодательную базу по вопросам борьбы с заносными видами. В 2008 г.  появился  «Закон  о  биоразнообразии»  за  которым  последовали  циркуляры  в  2011,  2013  и  2018.  В качестве цели наших исследований мы выбрали птеридофиты, на данный момент во Вьетнаме выявлено 1133 вида из 170 родов и 38 семейств (включая Lycopodiopsida). Нами отмечено 82 вида из 38 родов и 17 семейств,  среди  которых  20  экзотических  и  62  аборигенных  вида.  Большинство  папоротниковидных растений наблюдалось в синантропной группе и в нарушенных местообитаниях. Процесс интродукции в странах с тропическим и субтропическим климатом плохо контролируется, а споровые растения из-за незначительной массы спор могут распространяться на довольно большие расстояния. Однако данные о «сорных» видах папоротников во Вьетнаме все еще недостаточны или содержат неполную информацию о  географическом  распространении  и  численности  популяций  конкретных  видов  по  сравнению  с исследованиями  водных  инвазивных  видов  растений  в  развитых  странах  (Pysek,  Richardson,  2010). Внутренние стандарты необходимо привести в соответствие с международными, а также необходимо усилить проведение научных и стандартизированных работ.

The study of the flora for the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV) has received sufficient attention over the  past  decades.  Pteridophytes  were  cited  as  an  inherent  spore  component  for  the  vascular  flora.  Active conversion of landscapes containing intact forests has created suitable habitats for alien species by changing the structure  of  phytocenosis.  The  government  of  Vietnam  is  actively  developing  a  legislative  framework  on  the issues for combating alien “agents” on its territory. In 2008, the Biodiversity Law appeared, which became the first national legislative document, then circulars were developed in 2011, 2013 and 2018. Thereby it’s circulars Vietnam officially began to combat and control the spread of invasive species on its territory. For the goal of our research,  we  chose  pteridophytes,  at  the  moment,  1133  species  from  170  genera  and  38  families  have  been identified  in  Vietnam  (including  Lycopodiopsida).  Many  species  are  quite  widespread  not  only  in  natural habitats, but are also present in cities, on arable lands and in urban communities. We noted 82 species from 38 genera  and  17  families,  among  which  20  are  exotic  species,  and  62  are  native  species  that  can  grow/occupy biotopes  and  cenoses  that  are  not  typical  for  them  in  nature.  Most  fern-like  plants  were  observed  in  the synanthropic  group  and  in  disturbed  habitats.  The  process  of  introduction  in  countries  with  tropical  and subtropical  climates  is  poorly  controlled,  and  spore  plants,  due  to  the  insignificant  mass  of  spores,  can  spread over  fairly  large distances. However, data on “weedy” fern species in Vietnam are still insufficient or contain incomplete  information  on  the  geographical  distribution  and  population  size  of  specific  species  compared  to studies of aquatic invasive plant species in developed countries [18]. Domestic standards need to be brought into line with international ones, and the provision of scientific and standardized work for biodiversity and ecosystem services must be strengthened.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.