booltБюллетень Государственного Никитского ботанического садаBulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens0513-1634Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labour Red Banner Order Nikitsky Botanical Gardens – National scientific Center of the RAS”boolt-894Research ArticleЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙPLANT PROTECTIONПерспективы использования ДНК-инсектицида Eriola-11 для контроля численности кровяной тли Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann, 1802Prospects of using DNA insecticide eriola-11 to control the number of woolly apple aphids Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann, 1802АндрееваО. А.AndreevaO. A.

Оксана Андреевна Андреева 

295007, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, проспект Академика Вернадского, 4 

genepcr@mail.ruДмитриенкоА. П.DmitrienkoA. P.

Анастасия Павловна Дмитриенко 

295007, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, проспект Академика Вернадского, 4 

РыбареваТ. С.RybarevaT. S.

Татьяна Сергеевна Рыбарева 

298648, Республика Крым, г. Ялта, пгт. Никита, спуск Никитский, 52 

ШармагийА. К.SharmagiyA. K.

Александр Константинович Шармагий 

298648, Республика Крым, г. Ялта, пгт. Никита, спуск Никитский, 52 

ОберемокВ. В.OberemokV. V.

Владимир Владимирович Оберемок 

295007, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, проспект Академика Вернадского, 4 

298648, Республика Крым, г. Ялта, пгт. Никита, спуск Никитский, 52 

ФГАОУ ВО «КФУ имени В.И. Вернадского»Russian FederationНикитский ботанический сад – Национальный научный центрRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО «КФУ имени В.И. Вернадского» ; Никитский ботанический сад – Национальный научный центрRussian Federation20242401202511534352Copyright © Андреева О.А., Дмитриенко А.П., Рыбарева Т.С., Шармагий А.К., Оберемок В.В., 20252025Андреева О.А., Дмитриенко А.П., Рыбарева Т.С., Шармагий А.К., Оберемок В.В.Andreeva O.A., Dmitrienko A.P., Rybareva T.S., Sharmagiy A.K., Oberemok V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://boolt.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/894

Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802) (кровяная тля) – один из самых распространённых вредителей плодовых культур по всему миру родом из Северной Америки. Поражает преимущественно представителей семейства Розоцветные, нанося им значительный урон: ослабляет жизненные функции, провоцирует развитие деформаций и способствует распространению плесневых грибов, в том числе увеличивает риск проникновения гнилостных бактерий в ткани растений. Для борьбы с насекомымивредителями на сегодняшний день до сих пор применяют химические инсектициды, а также используют естественных врагов кровяной тли. Однако, если первые наносят значительный вред окружающей среде в целом, отрицательно влияя на биоразнообразие, то вторые – слабо справляются с уменьшением численности Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802). Целью нашего исследования выступает разработка ДНК-инсектицида на основе митохондриальной рРНК для контроля численности кровяной тли Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802). В данной статье рассматривается эффективность действия, разработанного ДНК‐инсектицида Eriola-11, основанного на разрушении целевой 16S рибосомальной РНК. Данный метод «генетической застёжки-молнии» имеет много положительных факторов, таких как безопасность для нецелевых организмов, биоразлагаемость и высокая эффективность. В ходе исследования проводились однократная и двукратная обработка кровяной тли ДНК-инсектицидом Eriola-11, а также произведён учёт численности погибших особей (личинок и крылатых полоносок). Обработка ДНК-инсектицидом против взрослых особей Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802) показала положительный результат. Биологическая эффективность препарата составила при однократной обработке 68,0±0,85%, а при двукратной – 85,3±1,52% на 14-е сутки.

Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802) (woolly apple aphid) is one of the most common pests of fruit crops around the world, native to North America. It primarily affects representatives of the Rosaceae family, causing significant damage to them: it weakens vital functions, provokes the development of deformations and a greater likelihood of the spread of mold fungi, including increasing the risk of penetration of putrefactive bacteria into plant tissue. To combat insect pests, chemical insecticides are still used today, and natural enemies of woolly apple aphids are also used. However, if the former cause significant harm to the environment as a whole, negatively affecting biodiversity, then the latter do little to cope with the decrease in the number of E. lanigerum. The goal of our research was to develop a DNA insecticide based on mitochondrial rRNA to control the number of woolly apple aphids Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802). This article examines the effectiveness of the developed DNA insecticide Eriola-11 based on the degradation of the target 16S ribosomal RNA. This “genetic zipper” method has many positive features, such as safety for non-target organisms, biodegradability and high efficiency. During the study, single and double treatment of woolly apple aphid with the DNA insecticide Eriola-11 was carried out, as well as recording the number of dead individuals. Treatment with DNA insecticide against adult E. lanigerum showed positive results. The biological effectiveness of the insecticide was 68.0 ± 0.85% after a single treatment, and 85.3 ± 1.52% after a double treatment on the 14th day.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.