Economic and biological evaluation of hybrid forms of quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) selection of the Nikita botanical garden

Abstract

The results of the long-term testing of 47 hybrid forms of quince breeding at the Nikita Botanical Garden in the conditions of the steppe zone of Crimea are presented. The evaluation of resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors has been carried out, and economic values have been studied. There are 22 forms with maximum frost resistance of flower buds to low winter temperatures, 8 - to spring frosts, 26 - with high resistance to diseases, including 4 - without signs of damage. 9 high-yielding forms were identified that exceed the indicators of the control variety. 22 hybrid forms distinguished themselves by the high quality of fruits, 3 of them are large-fruited and 7 with long-term fruit storage. It is established that most of the studied forms have medium-sized trees. 8 stunted forms with a compact crown have been identified. According to the results of the study, 19 hybrid forms were identified that have not one, but several desirable traits for use in breeding and 8 with a complex of economically useful traits - candidates for varieties. The perspective form 14/60 (Konservnaya Pozdnyaya х Otlichnica) was transferred to the State Export Testing as an Osennij Suvenir variety.