Clonal micropropagation in vitro of garden chrysanthemum

Garden chrysanthemum is a well-known and widespread flower culture. The investigated cultivars of the Netherlandish breeding Kiko and Ziveno are highly decorative and promising. Their vegetative propagation by cuttings is ineffective, which requires the use of modern biotechnological methods of mass propagation. The ways of in vitro morphogenesis of two cultivars of chrysanthemum have been studied. The optimal concentrations of plant growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine and 6-furfurylaminopurine in the MS culture medium were determined, which made it possible to obtain normally developed adventitious microshoots. A high frequency of adventitious shoot formation on the medium with 1.0 mg/l 6-BAP was noted. The number of adventitious shoots was 4.9 ± 0.53 and 2.70 ± 0.37 per explant after 30 days of cultivation in the cultivars Kiko and Ziveno, respectively. The optimal importance of light intensity, light quality and temperature during in vitro cultivation have been established. A different morphogenetic response of the studied cultivars to the growing conditions is shown. The culture medium for in vitro rhizogenesis of two cultivars of garden chrysanthemum has been optimized. It was found that the best rooting of microshoots occurred on ½ MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l indolyl-3-acetic acid or 0.5 mg/l α-naphthylacetic acid. Rooted plants are adapted in ex vitro conditions.

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