Volatile substances of distillate waters (hydrolates) of some species of the genus Thymus L.

The paper presents the data of an experiment to determine the component composition of essential oils, as well as the content of volatile, water-soluble compounds in hydrolates obtained by steam distillation during the processing of essential oil raw materials of three species of the genus Thymus L. from the collection of the Donetsk Botanical Garden. The content of volatile hydrophilic compounds in hydrolates corresponding to essential oils was revealed: monoterpene and sesquiterpene alcohols, phenols, and aldehydes. The dominant component in the hydrolate of Thymus serpyllum L. was terpene alcohol geraniol with a content of 204 mg/l. The dominant components of the essential oil and hydrolate of Thymus graniticus Klokov & Des.-Shost. were carbonyl compounds (Z)-citral (neral) and (E)-citral (geranial) with a content of 29.65% and 40.85%, respectively. Their content in the hydrolate is 60mg/l and 72mg/l, respectively. In the essential oil and in the hydrolate of Thymus marschallianus Willd. monoterpene phenol - thymol (25.12%) and its isomer carvacrol (16.40%) were identified; they were also found in the hydrolate: 296 mg/l and 16.4mg/l, respectively.

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