Biological features of rare species Allium grande Lipsky in the Bashkir Cis-Urals

Abstract

The results of the introduction study of the rare species Allium grande : biometric parameters, seasonal rhythm of growth and development, seed productivity and peculiarities of reproduction are given. The onion species, from family Alliaceae constitutes the taxonometric section of Megaloprason Wendenblo sub-genus Melanocrommyum (Webb & Berth.) Rouy of Allium L. genus. The species is included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. Endemic of East Caucasus, status 2. Phenorhythmotype is a short-weaving, spring-searing, spring-early-weaving ephemeroid. The vegetation begins mainly on the 2nd-3rd decade of April. The flowering phase comes in the 3rd decade of May. Duration of the interphase of the beginning of vegetation - the beginning of flowering by years is 40-45 days. Flowering is 12-16 days. Seed maturation occurs in the second half of July. Vegetation of this onion lasts for years from 72 to 80 days. Real seed productivity of one generative escape is on average 51.2 ± 7.19 pcs., potential seed productivity - 352.4 ± 29.8 pcs., seed productivity coefficient - 14.4%. Natural vegetative propagation of A. grande was not observed under the conditions of introduction. In seed reproduction, this onion enters a generative state in the sixth year of vegetation. The seeds are large, the weight of 1000 pieces is 8.2 g.