Productivity management of fruit crops cultivars on the basis of regularities of genotype manifestation in phenotype under changing environmental conditions using digital spatial analysis

Modern agriculture in Russia, including fruit growing, requires the improvement of their management systems based on scientific and technological progress. Modern fruit growers face the following tasks: selection and variety study of plants, taking into account the complexity of their relationship with the environment in development; formalization of complexly organized biological systems of their behavior in changing environmental conditions in quantitative terms in the context of ontogenesis phases; optimization of biological productivity systems based on computer simulation. In this paper, on the example of two pear cultivars - Kieffer (lower frost resistance) and Leven (increased frost resistance) - in the conditions of the Krasnodar Region, the patterns of manifestation of their genetically determined properties in the phenotype are considered when environmental conditions change over a long 34-year period. The monitoring of the forecast of the development phases of the studied pear cultivars under the conditions of climate change was carried out, which makes it possible to select the most adaptive varieties to specific environmental conditions. Recommendations are given on the selection of sources to increase the frost resistance of cultivars not in terms of general quality indicators, but in terms of their resistance to frost in specific development phases. Digital maps of the dynamics of changes in the suitability of temperature conditions in the winter-spring period for the studied pear cultivars have been developed. Digital ecological maps of the suitability of the territories of the Krasnodar Region in the context of 45 districts for the analyzed cultivars, taking into account climate change, have been built, allowing you to manage plant productivity in new climatic conditions based on their rational distribution.

fruit, cultivars, productivity, management, digital analysis

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