Variability of the content of adaptogenic compounds in the vegetative organs of Betula pubescens Ehrh. in conditions of technogenic pollution in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation

The study of the features of the synthesis of secondary metabolites of plants under industrial conditions is of great importance for understanding the mechanisms of formation of plant tolerance to man-made stress and the diagnosis of the state of the environment. The dynamics of the accumulation of adaptogenic metabolites makes it possible to detect the first stages of contamination before the first visual signs of damage to plants appear. An important factor in the enhanced synthesis of secondary metabolites by plants growing on the territory of the Kola Peninsula is the man-made load of the “Severonikel” copper-nickel combine, whose emissions contain heavy metals. The pubescent birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.), which leaves contain a significant amount of phenolic compounds, is often chosen as a model species for analyzing the effects of manmade pollution. The purpose of this work was to study the variability of the content of adaptogenic compounds in the vegetative organs of Betula pubescens Ehrh., growing in conditions of technogenic pollution. As a result of the work, the dependence of the synthesis of flavonoids and antioxidants on the distance to the source of manmade pollution was analyzed. The general nonlinear character of the spatial distribution with respect to the amount of flavonoids is noted, and linear – for compounds exhibiting antioxidant activity. A nonlinear tendency of accumulation of heavy metals has been established.

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