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Bulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens

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No 133 (2019)

FLORA AND VEGETATION

115-122 352
Abstract
The paper presents the results of studies of the dendroflora of the city of Grozny, compiles a complete list of self-renewing tree and shrub plants, including 75 species belonging to 47 genera and 24 families. The analysis of systematic, arealogical, biomorphological, ecological structures of the species composition is carried out and the features of its formation are revealed. The characteristic of the adventive component is given by the methods of migration and the degree of naturalization of species, indicating the most aggressively introduced into anthropogenically disturbed and semi-natural plant populations. A list of species used in green construction is provided.
122-131 363
Abstract
For the first time the level of endemism in high-mountain flora of north-west edge of uplands of the Caucasus was estimated. A uniquely high level of endemism in Fisht-Oshten Massif and Chernomorskaya (Black Sea) Chain was observed: 28.4% (342 species) with predominance of Caucasian (9.2%), Pan Caucasian (7.4%) and West-Caucasian (5.1%) endemics. Colchis and North Colchis endemics total take 5.8%, and together with local endemics riches the third position. The level of endemism of alpine species is one of the highest in the Caucasus and is 43.2% (276 species). The levels of endemism revealed general trends, depending on the remoteness of local flora from the main diaspora on the Fisht-Oshten massif and the current area of the meadow belt. These trends are visible for endemics of all ranks, with the exception of the West Caucasian endemic, whose number is higher in the eastern part of Black Sea Chain and is falling sharply to the west part.

ORNAMENTAL HORTICULTURE

9-16 296
Abstract
Introduction and breeding studies with ornamental plants have been carried out in the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens for about 200 years. During this time, 28 flower crops were studied. Currently, 8 flower collections are examined: garden roses, lilac, clematis, tulip, hybrid iris, hybrid daylily, garden canna, garden chrysanthemum. On the example of these flower cultures the biological features promoting success of cultivation of flower plants under the conditions of SCC are revealed and the main features of their agrotechnology under these conditions are given.
17-23 325
Abstract
Under conditions of increasing urbanization, plants improve the quality of the natural environment, performing many important sanitary and health functions. The purpose of the research is to carry out the monitoring of the various floristic communities to assess the ecological status of urban habitats. Objectives of the study is to investigate the state of natural floristic complexes, as well as the flora of lawns, flower beds, trees and shrubs in the cities of the Orel region, to give a comprehensive assessment of public green spaces and to provide recommendations for improving their state. Monitoring of the ecological state of natural phytocenoses showed that the transformation of flora reflected in the formation of the synanthropic nucleus affects all communities. The greatest pressure of the anthropogenic factor is observed in suburban forest parks of large cities and meadow areas near residential buildings and along the shores of water bodies. Minimal anthropogenic transformation is observed for steppe biotopes. The least favorable conditions for the development of green spaces are formed in Livny, Novosil, Dmitrovsk. Higher indicators of the ecological state of the plantations characterize the cities Orel, Mtsensk and Maloarkhangelsk. The monitoring of biodiversity of urban biotopes also revealed invasive species included in the Black book of flora of the Central Russia.
23-29 240
Abstract
The article presents an analysis of experimental data demonstrating the rationality of the use of plant growth regulator Zircon on some representatives of the genus Iris L. in the Bashkir Cis-Ural. It is shown that the effect of the substance at a concentration recommended by the manufacturer varies depending on the species and varietal specificity of plants. As a result of tests of the drug, it was found that Zircon stimulates the development of leaf blade and fruit formation, lengthens the flowering phase for some varieties of Iris and to a lesser extent affects other biometric indicators.
30-36 297
Abstract
The paper deals with the biological features of introduced species of Cotoneaster genus in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic. The vegetation, flowering, fruiting, rhythm of shoots growth, winter resistance and seed productivity of six species of perennial plants of the genus Cotoneaster in new growth conditions were studied. The seasonal rhythm of development of all studied plant species at the point of introduction corresponds to the climatic conditions of the middle taiga subzone. The most promising species were selected for cultivation.
36-42 419
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify the most effective method of grafting the pedunculate oak in greenhouse conditions on two-year-old seedlings with a closed root system. A comparison was made of five methods of grafting on survival and growth of grafts. The following methods were used: «splice», «into a bag», «in split», «budding», «into acorn sprout». The best results in the survival of the grafts were given by the «splice» (42%). The largest increments were shown by the «in split» method (19,0 + 3,1 cm). The distribution of grafting by the magnitude of growth was significantly different from normal. The growth rates of grafting during the growing season had a high individual variability - the coefficients of variation at the age of 36, 60, and 83 days are equal, respectively, to 85, 75, and 73%. In the first growing season, clones did not show any effect on the size of growth. During this period the graft method has the greatest influence, which affects the specificity of the intergrowth of the stock with the graft.

ESSENTIAL OIL AND MEDICINAL PLANTS

109-115 276
Abstract
The paper presents study results of Melissa officinalis L . cultivation in conditions of the Republic of Mordovia. They demonstrate that plant height, number of stems per plant, seed productivity and leafy mass yield are mainly determined by weather conditions, character of plant use and number of mowings. The fertilization increased in average the leafy mass yield of M. officinalis from 3.05 kg/m2 to 3.25-4.00 kg/m2 over 2 years. Methods for plant harvesting had a remarkable influence on the percentage of overwintered plants. The best preservation of plants ensures their use as a seed material.

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY

80-86 336
Abstract
For the first time, the features of the regeneration capacity of various forms (male, female, bisexual) of promising Actinidia kolomikta cultivars at the propagation stage were revealed. The difference between cultivars and forms of A. kolomikta was determined by the multiplication rate. It was shown that the use of the QL culture medium with 0.5 mg/l 6-BAP was been optimal for effective clonal micropropagation of the male form, at 1.0 mg/l for female and bisexual forms.

PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY

51-56 311
Abstract
Dynamics of total phenolic compounds content in the leaves of four cultivars and one subspecies of Olea europaea L. were studied during the cold periods of 2016-2019 years on the Southern Coast of the Crimea. The concentration of phenolic substances ranged from 642 to 1332 mg/100 g of fresh biomass. It was found out that the content of phenolic compounds depended on weather conditions during a particular cold period and it did not almost depend of the degree of frost resistance of the studied genotypes.
57-64 407
Abstract
It was found that the fruits of Sorbus aucuparia and Sorbus intermedia , growing in Donbas, contain significant amounts of flavonoids, ascorbic, free organic and oxycinnamic acids and exhibit high antioxidant activity, which proves their value in medical practice. It has been established that increasing the degree of technogenic pollution causes a decrease in the amount of flavonoids, tannins, carotenoids, ascorbic, free organic and oxycinnamic acids and an increase in the content of anthocyanins in the studied raw material. Ecological safety of raw materials was estimated.
65-70 331
Abstract
The Penza Institute of Agriculture has created Medeya cultivar of Guizotia abyssinica , which has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements since 2019 and is recommended in all regions for cultivation. The cultivar has ecological plasticity, is characterized by resistance to drought and high temperatures, as well as high responsiveness to additional moisture. It differs in stable seed productivity and high fat content. The aim of the research is a comparative assessment of the fatty acid composition of oil seeds of Guizotia abyssinica grown in contrasting agroclimatic regions. The object of study was the seeds of G. abyssinica grown in different soil and climatic conditions of the Penza, Astrakhan, Tambov and Volgograd regions. The article presents the results of changes in the content of oil and fatty acids, depending on weather, soil and geographical conditions of growth of the culture. The fat content in the seeds of G. abyssinica varied from 33.3-39.2%, depending on agro-climatic conditions. The rich chernozem soils of the Penza and Tambov regions have a fat content of 36.7 to 39.2%, respectively. In the Volgograd region on chestnut soils, the oil content of the seeds of G. abyssinica was 33.3-35.7 %. The main component of the fatty acid composition of the oil of G. abyssinica is polyunsaturated fatty acid - linoleic, the content of which reaches a high value of 79.17%. The content of oleic acid is low and is 5.26%, and linolenic 1.21%. There is no erucic acid in the seeds. The maximum content of linoleic acid (77.5-80.0%) is noted in oilseeds grown on the black soil of Penza and Tambov. The content of linoleic acid was highest in the optimally wetted conditions of 2016 (GTK 1.1) - 79.17%. In arid conditions, with GTK 0.3, the concentration of this acid significantly decreased to 74.36%. The content of palmitic and stearic acids in GTK 1.1 was 7.82 and 5.80 %, in GTK 0.8, their values reached 7.96 and 5.93 %, and in GTK 0.3 - 8.22 and 7, 91%, respectively. Hotter and drier conditions during the vegetation period of hydration contribute to an increase in saturated acids and a decrease in linoleic acid.
70-79 341
Abstract
The article provides data on a comparative study of the content and component composition of essential oil, the total content of antioxidants and flavonoids of two cultivars and two promising cultivar samples of Italian strawflower ( Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don) grown on the Southern Coast of the Crimea in the collection of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens. It has been found that the content of essential oil in the green weight of top of H. italicum varies from 0.1% of the wet weight (‘Crystal’ cultivar) to 0.2 (cultivar No. 5). The main components of ‘VIM’ cultivar essential oil are α-pinene and D-limonene, of ‘Crystal’ cultivar is neril acetate, of the sample No. 5 is α-pinene and rosiforiol, of the sample No. 158 is neryl acetate and γ-turmeric. A significant relative content of β-diketones (38%) in the essential oil of ‘Crystal’ cultivar was noted. The greatest amount of antioxidants (2.59 mg / g (in conversion to quercetin) and flavonoids (0.366%) in the inflorescences of Italian strawflower ‘VIM’ cultivar is contained in the budding phase. The results of chromatographic analysis prove the presence of 4 phenolic substances in the inflorescences of Italian strawflower. UV-spectra of alcohol solutions of the studied raw materials had a maximum absorption at a wavelength of 418 ± 2nm. Quantitative determination of flavonoids by differential spectroscopy calculated as isosalipurposide showed that the content of flavonoids in inflorescences varies from 0.262% to 0.366% depending on a cultivar and a phase of vegetation.

SOUTHERN HORTICULTURE

199-207 327
Abstract
The article presents a comparative analysis of the water-holding ability of leaves (WAL) and its connection with the freezing of the shoots of apricot seedlings of various ecological and geographical origins. A non-linear relationship was found between the WAL of the leaves of apricot seedlings and the freezing of the shoots. It was revealed that seedlings with shoot damage to the average level, WAL are higher (12-15% water content in leaves after 24 hours) than those with slightly submerged (0.8-6%). In severely freezing genotypes (freezing 60-100%), on the contrary, is lower than winter-hardy. The correlation before the peak was 0.79 *, after the peak -0.98 *, significant at the 0.05 significance level.
207-211 374
Abstract
The analysis of methods of mathematical modeling of pome crops on the example of studying 5 varietal samples of pears, taking into account the factors affecting the yielding ability. 15 main factors were considered, such as: maximum, minimum and average temperatures, relative humidity, incidence of chlorosis, drought resistance, morphological characteristics. Mathematical analysis with the construction of mathematical models was carried out using the software package Matlab. As a result, mathematical models characterizing the influence of both individual and multiple factors on the yielding ability of pear cultivars were obtained.
211-216 306
Abstract
The results of a long-term study of the apple tree gene pool ( Malus x domestica Borkh.) in the conditions of southern Russia are presented. The purpose of the study is the formation of the identified collections, the selection of donors and sources of economically valuable traits with recommendations for their use in apple breeding. In the work we used the programs and methods of breeding and sorting, molecular genetic research methods. Valuable for breeding cultivars with immunity to scab ( Rvi6 gene) and high quality of fruits (genes Md-PG1 (AA); Md-Exp7 (198)) were identified: Modi, Stellar, CIVG 98, elite form 29-5-49.
216-224 264
Abstract
The reaction of fig plants to the properties of agro-brown terraced soils of the Southern Coast of the Crimea (SCC) was studied, unfavorable soil properties for plants, as well as their optimal and permissible parameters were revealed. The dependence of the volume mass of fine grained soil on the content of silt particles and silt with fine dust in the layer of 0-60 cm and in the root layer was revealed. The quantitative dependences of fig tree trunk circumference on the properties of agro-brown terraced skeletal soil were revealed. The growth of figs depended on the depth of dense underlying rocks, fine grained soil reserves in the layer deeper than 60 cm, as well as in the root layer. Valid parameters are set for these values. The tendency to the dependence of the circumference of the tree trunk on the humus reserves in the root layer and the content of the skeleton in the layer deeper than 60 cm was revealed.

ECOLOGY

42-50 266
Abstract
The dependence of the intensity of visible photosynthesis, temperature and transpiration of Arbutus andrachne L. leaf on some environmental factors, and their changes in the spring growing season on the Southern Coast of the Crimea. The obtained data make it possible to interpret the rate of photosynthesis as a potential ecological and physiological characteristic of this species. This makes it possible to compare different plant species that grow in similar conditions, according to indicators measured using the same technique. A. andrachne L. has a relatively high potential for photosynthesis acclimatization to elevated temperatures. At leaf temperature above optimum, the intensity of photosynthesis drops sharply, and its critical value is 32°C. Analysis of the results shows that the optimal value of the net photosynthesis of Pn in May compared with April increased by 35% and reached the value of 12-17.5 µmol/m2s, while the optimal value of the transpiration intensity of El during the same time increased by 138%, the Tair temperature - 56%, the lack of humidity Da - has not changed, the leaf temperature increased by Tl - 21% and the illumination of the illumination PAR- 50%.

РЕПРОДУКТИВНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ

86-93 326
Abstract
The article presents for the first time the results of studying the ontogenesis of Prunus pumila L. and Rosa glauca Pourr. seed origin when growing plants outside the natural range in the continental climate of the Southern Urals and forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The marker features of ontogenetic states of Rosa glauca in the process of forming shrub biomorphe are described. It has been noted that Prunus pumila in juvenile and immature state develops at an accelerating pace and form a powerful area of the hypocotyls and root neck, which defines further processing of the rootstock quality.
94-101 375
Abstract
This is a study of pollen grain morphology of 25 species of the genus Salix L. (Salicaceae) from of the Asian part of Russia was carried out with the use of scanning electron microscope. All species had 3-colpate pollen grains. The length of the polar axis varied from 14 to 30 mkm, the length of the equatorial diameter - from 9.5 to 17.4 mkm. This study has shown the different shapes of the pollen grains, such as the elliptic, broadly and narrowly elliptic.
101-108 251
Abstract
The influence of the age of seedlings (of which hypocotyl explants were isolated) and the composition of the culture medium on the callusogenesis and morphogenesis induction of fennel cultivars ‘Mertsishor’ and ‘Oksamit Kryma’ were studied. It was established that with the use of younger seedlings (7-day of age) callus induction began in a larger number of explants for a week of cultivation earlier compared to 14 and 21-day seedlings. The frequency of somatic embryogenesis in the callus obtained from 7-day seedling hypocotyl was almost twice higher than that of the callus from more mature seedling. It was revealed that the cultivar ‘Mertsishor’ had a higher morphogenetic potential compared to ‘Oksamit Kryma’. Improved methods of embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration can be used for obtaining the initial breeding material of fennel.

СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО И АГРОТЕХНОЛОГИИ

131-137 323
Abstract
The effect of occurrence of plants with two tillering nodes on the overwintering and grain yield covering 43 cultivars of winter hexaploid triticale in the Central region of the non-Chernozem zone were studied. It was shown that increased content of plants with two tillering nodes has a positive impact on the triticale overwintering. This trait does not directly influence on crop yield, but a positive trend was revealed. This makes it possible to select forms that combine high adaptability and grain yield.
138-143 282
Abstract
The Institutions of the Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences have created 118 cultivars of 32 crops up to 2019. The early maturing winter hardy high yielding cultivars of red clover have been first obtained in Siberia, among them are Meteor, Pamyati Lisitsyna (4x) and Prima (2x) cultivars. Four cultivars of sudan grass Novosibirskaya 84, Lira, Dostyk and Karagandinskaya were created. Three cultivars of soybean such as SibNIIK-315, SibNIIK-9, Gorinskaya and five canola cultivars have been included in the State register. Sibiryachka cultivar of oil radish was created first in Siberia.
143-149 270
Abstract
The article is devoted to the use of x-rays to determine the quality of hybrid seeds of berry crops such as raspberries, blackberries, strawberries, strawberry, blueberries, red currants and gooseberries. All examinations were performed with the use of x-ray equipment PRB-02. For detailed examination of small seeds, an x-ray microscope RM-01 was used. It was revealed that even visually full-fledged seeds of berry crops have internal hidden defects, such as rotting of the seed, detachment of the shell from the cotyledons and failure. Microfocus radiography of the seeds of gooseberries and currants showed that the shells of these seeds reacted poorly to x-ray irradiation in the sense that the outlines of the cotyledons and the embryo had no clearly defined boundaries. The method of microfocus radiography can be successfully applied in the selection of berry crops to determine the quality characteristics of seeds and their viability.
149-157 309
Abstract
Updating of the assortment of early spring cereal crops with high resistance to adverse factors is important specifically for the area of high-risk farming, which includes the Middle Amur region. The purpose of this research is to conduct an ecological study of spring triticale cultivars under the conditions of the Middle Amur region. The testing was carried out according to the ecological principles - research of the phonotypical variability of the structural elements of the productivity of spring triticale cultivars and their interrelation in the soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Amur region. Cultivating different regional cultivars of spring triticale in this ecological zone allows you to successfully get 20-30 centers per hectare of grain, but when exposed to stressful environmental factors, the yield varies from the average value up to two times, both in the positive and negative sides. It has been established that the majority of spring triticale specimens are characterized by low ecological resistance to adverse environmental conditions. The revealed correlation relationships of the phenotypic variability of spring triticale indicate the complex and multifactorial nature of the formation of the main structural elements of the productivity of spring triticale under the influence of climate-forming fluctuations of the Middle Amur region. Phenotypic variability of productivity signs is of interest for further selective enhancement of triticale culture to increase the production process under the influence of natural and climatic ecosystems.
157-167 394
Abstract
The problem of healthy eating is one of the most important concerns of every modern person. Providing the population with high-grade, affordable and safe food is currently intensively carried out research and scientific work on leguminous crops with functional properties. This article discusses the beneficial properties of such crops as beans, peas, chickpeas and their role in improving nutrition and public health. Breeders of the Omsk State Agrarian University created new high-yielding cultivars of beans: vegetable direction - In memory of Ryzhkova, Gold of Siberia, Marusya and Sibiryachka; grain use - Lukerya, Olive, Omsk Jubilee, Omichka. The presented results of our scientific studies indicate the prospects for the cultivation of legumes under the conditions of Western Siberia, since valuable protein products in our zone can be obtained sufficiently early. The use of legumes in the diet of the population will expand the range of vegetable, leguminous crops of the Siberian region and increase their role in the system of "health, nutrition, resources."
168-173 276
Abstract
In the north-western region, barley is the main forage crop. Annually increasing demand of agriculture in forages challenges to create highly adaptive cultivars which under the conditions of unstable moistening and low fertility of sod-podzolic soils are capable to give high yields with good quality of production, resistant to the most widespread abiotic and biotic stressors. The objective of our research was to create new genotypes of spring barley with high economic and valuable characteristics of productivity. The research task was to study new collection samples of spring barley Hordeum vulgare L. by productivity and the main elements of the crop structure and to determine the indices of ecological plasticity, prospectivity, ear grain content, resistance to lodging and to determine the share of the ear in the total length of the stem, which characterize the adaptive ability of a cultivar. The research material was 14 new cultivars of spring barley obtained from the Federal Research Center “N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources”. The studies were conducted according to generally accepted methods. As a result of the work, the best cultivars for all studied characteristics were selected: Suzdalets (Russia), Chill (Germany), Zhana (France). These samples will be actively used in hybridization to create new genotypes of spring barley.
174-181 254
Abstract
Collection of Oryza sativa L. total more than 7.0 thousand samples was formed in the All-Russian Rice Research Institute. Based on the complex of biological, biochemical and technological traits, a comparative evaluation of 112 rice samples of Indica and Japonica subspecies from remote regions of world rice growing in the conditions of southern Russia was carried out. The paired correlations between the traits are determined. Genotypic variation of amylose content was in the range of 16.8 - 31.4%, protein - 7.2 - 11.2%. Promising genotypes that combine high levels of protein and amylose for quality breeding have been identified.
181-187 309
Abstract
Under the conditions of the steppe zone of the Crimea, for the rational use of the available environmental resources and the formation of the maximum possible economically useful products, ecological testing of sunflower hybrids, characterized by high adaptability, productivity, seed quality, is a priority of domestic breeding. Research results indicate a high adaptive potential of Prestige, Signal and Gorstar hybrids.
187-194 253
Abstract
The results of treatment of winter garlic that is grown in the Crimea with chemical mutagens are presented. The air bulbs (garlic bulbs) of the local population were treated with chemical mutagens of the first group (they are capable to transfer alkyd compounds to other molecules), namely, diethyl phosphate 0.025%, 0.05 and 0.1%, as well as dimethyl sulfate 0.025%, 0.04 and 0.08%. In the first year of harvest, cloves of garlic were divided into large Ø 2.5-3 cm, medium - from 1.5 to 2.5 cm and small ones - less than 1.5 cm. Then (in 2017-2018), plant morphometry was monitored. A change in morphological features was revealed: an increase in plant height by 9- 19% and the number of leaves up to 25% (with an increase in their length and a decrease in width). Depending on the group of plants, a decrease in the height of the false stem to 21% was noted with a significant increase in its diameter. An increase in the diameter of the bulbs by 14 -19%, depending on the concentration of the mutagen and the group of plants, was revealed. Treatment of air bulbs of winter garlic with chemical mutagens (diethyl phosphate and dimethyl sulfate) made it possible to select the healthy garlic cloves with a weight up to 24-32 g with an increased reproduction rate (6) in a group of plants marked as “large ”.
194-199 343
Abstract
In this article, we present research results on studying the effect of rates and methods of seeding on the seed productivity of new cultivars of pea (Pisum sativum L .) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. ) under conditions of the Crimea. The field trials were conducted during the period 2016-2018. Studies have shown that the optimum seeding rate for the pea cultivar Pharaoh (leafless morphotype) was 1.2-1.4 million pieces per hectare. The best seeding rate for the chickpea cultivar Zolotoy Yubiley both under closely spaced rows (15cm) and wide-row sowing with the 45 cm row-width spacing was 400 thousand seeds per hectare, and under wide-row sowing with the 60 cm row-width spacing was 200 thousand seeds/ha. For the cultivation chickpea Zolotoy Yubiley, the most productive was the wide-row sowing with the 45 cm row-width spacing because the yield, in this case, was 1.23 t/ha.

СОХРАНЕНИЕ БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЯ

224-240 329
Abstract
The article presents the study results of the interrelation of diversity of habitat types (locations types) and indicators of biological diversity at the local spatial level (operational-territorial units are specially protected natural reservations). The work is based on data on 58 specially protected natural reservations for which there is information on biological diversity. On the basis of remote sensing data, those are published and archive materials for each specially protected natural reservations, cartographic models of habitat types and a geoinformation database on their biological diversity are obtained. The analysis of their spatial differentiation is carried out. Derived indicators of habitat diversity and species richness (Margalef’s and Menhinik’s species richness indexes) are calculated on the basis of the obtained layers and database. The map models of variety of base locations, indexes of the diversity of locations within protected areas, basic indicators of biodiversity, variety of rare and endemic species, biodiversity indexes within protected areas network elements are obtained. On the basis of the obtained spatial database, correlations between the habitats diversity and the value of biodiversity at the local level are determined. The calculated spatial interrelation coefficients of location diversity and biological diversity show a sufficiently high level of interrelation: from 0.48 to 0.83. The correlation values (both linear and rank) are quite high, which confirms the hypothesis that there is a close interrelation between the biological diversity of the Crimean Peninsula territory and the habitats diversity from which it consists.
241-247 275
Abstract
The results of the study of biological features of invasive species Galinsoga parviflora Cav. under the conditions of Abkhazia (Northwest Trans-Caucasia) are given. The works were carried out in 7 districts of the republic: Gagrasky, Goodautsky, Sukhumsky, Gulrypshsky, Ochamchirsky, Tkvarchalsky, Galsky. Morphometric measurements were carried out on 25 plants of each coenopopulation, on sites of 1 m2 the height of plants, density, raw above-ground biomass of invasive species was estimated. The density of coenopopulations is high - from 76 to 126 plants on 1 m2, the height of plants - from 83.4 to 95.0 cm, biomass - from 0.07 to 0.12 kg/m2, the share of species participation in communities - from 11.2 to 24.2 %. For G. parviflora individuals, there is a low level of variation of all plant parameters. The maximum values for most parameters are noted in the Galsky district of Abkhazia. Most of Galinsoga parviflora 's populations are prosperous, characterized by high vitality. The species is confined to segetal communities and clogs gardens, row crops, although it is often noted in weed-ruderal communities in the conditions of high moisturization. The high seed productivity and duration of flowering under favorable climate leads to the expansion of the distribution area in Abkhazia, which makes it a vicious weed of vegetable crops.


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ISSN 0513-1634 (Print)